Ample research and results show that education has a massive impact on lowering crime rates and reducing recidivism — the likelihood of individuals returning to prison after release.

A study by Emory University found that:

• Individuals who complete some high school courses have recidivism rates around 55%.
• Vocational training cut recidivism to approximately 30 percent.
• An associate degree drops the rate to 13.7 percent.
• A bachelor's degree reduces it to 5.6 percent.
• A master's brings recidivism to 0 percent.

If someone in prison receives the opportunity to learn an industrial skill or acquire knowledge in a specialized field, not only do they rarely return to prison (less than 10%), but they also go on to build businesses, create jobs, and inspire their local communities.

This shouldn't sound new to any of us. We all know education can be effective. But what does it actually look like in the context of individuals who are incarcerated? How does education actually change lives?

Below are six stories of individuals who turned their lives around and illustrate the impact that applied education can have on career building and community impact — even after incarceration.

1. Sean Pica — Hudson Link for Higher Education

Sean entered prison as a 9th grade New Yorker with a 24-year sentence. He said he had little hope in himself or any sort of redemptive future. 

But, when he began reading children's books to fellow inmates and teaching them how to write letters to their loved ones, Sean witnessed how learning created a flicker of joy amid the isolation.

Soon, he enrolled in an organization called Hudson Link, a degree-granting program in prisons, and took college classes. Through that experience, he saw how the minds and hearts of individuals transformed through education and how it helped them learn about themselves and what was possible once released

After Sean was released, he went on to earn 400 credits from Nyack College and two master's degrees from New York Theological Seminary and Hunter College. In 2007, Pica returned to lead Hudson Link as its executive director.

Today, Hudson Link's programs provide postsecondary education to thousands of men and women in prison, less than 2% of whom return to prison, compared to the rate of 68% nationwide. Pica's work saves New York State taxpayers over $21 million per year, and that number continues to increase.

2. Kenyatta Leal — The Last Mile

Growing up with an absent father, Kenyatta's dealing with drugs and robbery with firearms led him to a life sentence in the San Quentin, California prison at the age of 22.

But when he turned 25, someone gave him a chance in spite of his past and hired him full time. He went to real estate school and asked plumbers and electricians questions like, "How did you fix that?" He learned quickly.

In prison, Kenyatta learned about The Last Mile, an entrepreneurship program for inmates. "I was always looking for a way to channel my entrepreneurial energy and gift."

The Last Mile inspired Kenyatta to launch Code.7370, an education program that teaches incarcerated individuals how to code.

To overcome the challenge of no internet connection, Code.7370 created a proprietary programming platform that simulates a live coding experience. Once inmates graduate, they're invited to join TLMworks, the first web development agency to provide individuals coming out of prison with the opportunity to earn a living, professional wage.

Kenyatta now helps train Fortune 500 companies to hire and retain employees who are exiting the criminal justice system, to create more inclusive work opportunities for those starting their second chance.

3. Richard Miles — Miles of Freedom

From ages 19 to 34, Richard spent 15 years in prison for serious crimes he didn't commit.

Even after his release, employers and apartments offered him nothing. "The perfect mixture for recidivism," he wrote, referring to the obstacles he faced over and over again upon release.

When the case Miles vs. State of Texas exonerated him completely, he had one mission: to give men and women re-entering society housing, employment, and the opportunity to regain the dignity to rebuild their lives.

Miles of Freedom offers educational classes, including a three-month Job Readiness Workshop, which results in financial literacy, resume building, and placement with employers.

4. Hector — Getting Out and Staying Out

During his time at the infamous Riker's Island prison in New York City, Hector regularly corresponded with Getting Out and Staying Out (GOSO), one of the most active re-entry programs in the New York City area for 16 to 24-year-old men.

During his five year sentence, Hector received study materials and career counseling. While incarcerated, Hector earned his High School Equivalency diploma, obtained a Masonry certification, and facilitated the prison's Alternative to Violence curriculum.

Since his release, Hector completed a successful internship at a Brooklyn-based bakery, Ovenly, one of GOSOWorks' employer partners, and was hired as their head of porters.

His story of transformation is one of many, as 86% of GOSO participants never return to prison and many have earned degrees or certificates from leading colleges and universities.

5. Tim Arnold — Lawn Life

By the time he was 18 years old, Ohio-based Tim had 27 convictions on his record and spent the next six years incarcerated. "By everyone else's account, I was a failure."

But when he turned 25, someone gave him a chance in spite of his past and hired him full time. He went to real estate school and asked plumbers and electricians questions like, "How did you fix that?" He learned quickly.

In 2008, he launched Lawn Life, a nonprofit that employs formerly incarcerated young men and teaches them work ethics and business skills.

Today, Lawn Life has hired over 700 at-risk youth in five different cities.

6. Marilyn Barnes — Root and Rebound

In and out of prison for 20 years, Marilyn struggled with drug addiction. Her time in California prison as a young woman made things even worse.

With the help and guidance of Root and Rebound's Roadmap to Reentry guide, Barnes went on to earn her master's degree in education, authored the book From Crack to College and Vice Versa and founded a non-profit, Because Black Is Still Beautiful.

Having experienced systemic problems firsthand, Barnes' education fuels her passion to help people break free from the cycle of recidivism.

Learn how to partner with Stand Together to help people find success after prison

It's easy to hear the word "education" and not realize the immense power it has to transform lives. The six prison success stories above — Sean, Kenyatta, Richard, Tim, Marilyn, and Hector — are brilliant examples of how education empowers disenfranchised individuals to rediscover hope and self-worth, gain knowledge and skills, and take action to use their experiences to make a positive difference for those around them.

Stand Together's criminal justice efforts focus on solutions to combat the 44,000+ legal barriers blocking career and education opportunities for people with criminal records.

One-third of Americans — more than 70 million people — have some sort of criminal record, and more than 2 million people are behind bars at any given time. While 95% of them are eventually released, they're typically blocked from accessing the education and resources they need to rise.

Stand Together is working to unite nearly 150 partners across communities, education, business, and government to multiply their effectiveness and drive necessary institutional change from all angles. Partner initiatives tackle various criminal justice issues, including overcriminalization and policing of minority communities, lack of effective counsel and due process, overly punitive sentencing, and lack of re-entry resources and training for people exiting prison.

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Learn more about Stand Together's efforts to build strong and safe communities and explore ways you can partner with us.